Investigation to determine the viscosity of glycerol Essay Example for Free

Investigation to determine the viscousness of glycerol assayThis document reports on an experiment that examined the relationship amid temperature and viscosity. The terminal velocity and up-thrust experienced by a sphere of fixed weight and radius was calculated by dropping it into a measuring piston chamber filled with glycerol heated to different temperatures. Using Stokes Law viscosity corresponding to each temperature take was worked out. This generated a range of data points with viscosity corresponding to each temperature level.These data points were statistically analysed. The results corresponded to those indicated by system i. e. temperature and viscosity are inversely related as temperature increased viscosity decreased. This report is in atomic number 23 sections. The first details the plan and the science on which the experiment is based. The second describes implementation while the threesome analyses the results. The fourth section evaluates the both the ex periment and its results. The fifth concludes. 1 Plan 1. 1 The Question Is viscosity affected by temperature? When temperature increases does viscosity decrease or increase and if it does are the changes systematic or hit-or-miss? These are the questions I investigate in this experiment. 1. 2 Key Concepts Archimedes principleA body immersed in a quiet (totally or part) experiences an upthrust (i. e. an apparent loss of weight) which is equal to the weight of fluid displaced. 1Ships dont debase in water because of upthrust. Upthrust is also the cause for weight loss when a body is partially or wholly immersed in a fluid. viscousness Viscosity is the virtue by which a fluid offers a resistance to the motion through it of any solid body. 2 The theory of viscosity is or so identical to the theory of friction between two solids, just that viscosity is the term used for fluids. Viscosity is basically the resistance between the corpuscles within a fluid.In a solid molecules are tig htly packed i. e. there is a strong intermolecular force. Therefore when you move a solid, it moves as a whole as all the particles move together. In a fluid this is not the case. This is because due to demoralize intermolecular force the particles move at different velocities in relation to each other. This feature flush toilet be understood by discussing what happens when pouring a jug of water into a supply. In mobiles the molecules play in layers. See the right water flowing from a jug, it looks simple, but in reality it is sort of complex. Actually only the top layer of water is flowing, the bottom layer is still.This is explained with the help of the diagram on the left. The red line is the upper layer of water in the jug which flows in the glass, when this layer has flown into the glass the maroon layer starts flowing and the finally the black layer. This is because the black layer is closest to the solid (which in this case is the jug) the resistance offered by the so lid is greater than the resistance offered by the layers of the luculent. This is because the number of molecules that make extend to between the solid and the liquid layer are more than those that make contact between the liquid and liquid layer.The number of molecules that have contact between the liquid layer and air is the least. heat content bonding Unusually strong dipole-dipole attractions that occur among molecules in which hydrogen is bonded to a highly electronegative atom. 3 Hydrogen bonding is a much stronger variant of Van Der Waals Forces. This strong bonding causes great friction between the layers of liquid and therefore gives glycerol its property of high viscosity. Glycerol has a high viscosity as opposed to other alcohols because, it has three -OH functional groups attached to it.Therefore more hydrogen bonds are formed, therefore increasing the attraction between two neighbouring molecules (greater bond strength). Thus unlike alcohols that are volatile, glyc erol is not only non-volatile, but is also very thick and viscous. Stokes Law Stokes Law plays an important part in understanding the motion of a solid (in his experiment he used a sphere) through liquids. Stokes faithfulness states that when a body is under free fall in a tube containing a liquid of infinite length there is a point when there is no more quickening in the body and the body reaches terminal velocity.Stoke further went on to say that this was due to the viscous forces playacting within the liquid. The layers of the liquid in contact with the solid start moving with the velocity of the solid particle whereas the layers far away from the body remain at rest. The viscous forces being frictional forces act against the acceleration of the body and therefore there is a point when the viscous forces equal the resultant force movement the body. This is when the body reaches its terminal velocity.

Photostory Essay Essay Example for Free

Photostory Essay EssayThis essay is to comment on my moving-picture show story that I did for my coursework, I will be talking somewhat various things give care the lighting, costumes and mise-en-scene, what they did for the photo story and how it helped.The genre I chose for my photo story was a sports genre. I thought it would call forth to the vast majority of male readers of around 14-18 years old, as it is a football magazine, which I project called The Kick-A-Bout Crew. I think that the story I chose would likewise interest younger readers as an incident like this one could crop up in their everyday lives. In a newsagents local to me, most of the quadriceps femoris for papers and comics had been taken up by football magazines this is partly why I utilize a football idea.If I were to sell my magazine, I would be very confident that my target interview would be teenage boys, and my greyness market would be female readers as they are not likely to involve to read fo otball stories very often in most cases, but not unheard of. I would be very satisfied with this target audience.The way my story was narrated was through caption boxes and speech bubbles this make my story quite easy to understand without too much difficulty. My captions were being cand at the freighter of a photo, to be read first, while the speech bubbles on the photo, perhaps slipping onto the flat coat of the inscription to make sure that they didnt cover up the characters faces. I placed my speech bubbles in the direction the storys pictures were placed, unremarkably flowing from left to right so as to make it easier to read.I use many unlike camera angles, to subtly highlight the events occurring in my story. For my first photo, I took an establishing fortuity from a fairly broad distance away, taking it from a high angle to symbolize the fact that the boys are really precisely kids, innocent in youth and also to evince the readers were the story takes place. In my s econd photo I take the photo as a medium shot, from a slightly low angle, so that it appears to the readers that the reflexion boy is much taller physically and symbolically than Paul and Jimmy covering that he is more important. For my ternary and fourth shots, I used eye-level close-ups that display the clear emotion on both of the boys faces, to depict to the readers the emotions of the boys and imbed the readers in their positions.The fifth photo is simply an eye-level medium shot that was the plainest and most obvious way to show the audience what is happening quite clearly. When my main character, Paul, gets trucking rigd, the photo is taken from a high angle from a medium distance for the first view of it, to show the vulnerability of Paul to the audience before fault to an eye-level close-up to make the readers see how cheap the tackle was. The next shot is taken back to a high-angle showing the discomfort and pain that Paul is feeling, making him pitiful to the audie nce and to make them feel sorry for him, whilst not showing the boy, who is helping Paul up in the same light.For the next shot I used another eye-level medium shot, with a slight over-the-shoulder feel to it were you see Jimmy listening in cigarette the two talking boys, to show his sly jealous side to the more judgmental of the readers.For my penultimate shot I used an eye-level long shot to fit the characters all in but not lend too much background so the audience are drawn to the vividness and action of the shot. And at last I used an eye-level close-up of Jimmy getting punched the camera is supposedly a first-person view from Paul, to make the audience feel as though theyre throwing the punch.I think that all of these different angles have really illustrated the item that I was labeling to make in each photo, they help keep the readers entertained and even good-hearted of involved and would easily help them to understand the characters.I used particular colours in my bac kground to lure my readers attention and immediately tell them the type of story I have chosen. I used a background of green and white like a football field and had the title set against a black and white football, in the actual title the word foul was a demoralise blood red in the style of chiller. For each of my photos I used a different colour for each caption boxes to try and not make the page too boring and also to try and describe the photos, for instance at the start of the story where it is just a friendly kick about the caption box is a merry yellow, while proceeding through the story coming to the tackle it has slowing turned to a violent shade of scarlet.I shot my photo story at Dundonald Playing Fields as it fitted in with the story and provided a good mise-en-scene. Its in the grounds of a shabby looking high school to show that these kids lead a normal school intent and this is their day to day surroundings, a the dual carriage way in the background shows how busy th e place is and stands for their urban lives.I also used different costumes to display the type of characters starring in my photo story. Jimmy wore a black tracksuit to show him as the villain, while Paul wore a green and grey Northern Ireland tracksuit, to show that he is not exactly good as gold either, but more often than not decent and has strong loyalties. The boy watching is wearing a bright red Man U top to show that he is very friendly and is chasing a spot on Manchester United jejuneness team.The only lighting was the afternoon sky that made it seem as though they were still at school having a lunch-time game. The football and the goalposts fitted in nicely with the story giving it that sporty touch.I also added a competition to star in the magazine, which I thought would really grab the readers attention and dish out the word to their friends.These are all the devices and techniques I used to make the story interesting, eye-catching and comprehendible.

Recording, analysing and using HR information Essay Example for Free

Recording, analysing and using HR knowledge EssayIt is right for a strain to collect a variety of information to gain an understating of its performance to satisfy compliance legislation. However the information stack away needs to be useful, relevant and selective. Raw data collected batch be born-again into useful information. It is important for human resources (HR) to collect data to meet legal requirements, keep necessary hand details of employees, records all contractual arrangements and to provide supporting information in the event of a advance that may be made against an organisation. It in any case supports an organisation when making decisions. Data can be collected in two unalike types of formats within an organisation. These atomic number 18 quantitative and qualitative.Quantitative is data collected numerically which allows for data to be measured and calculated. Quantitative is a descriptive method of collecting data. This type of data can be observed but not measured. These two contrasting types of data support HR practices in a number of different ways, such as, showing patterns of absence relating to employees, highlighting any learning and development requirements that an individual may require, trends in staff turnover and key performance indicators. Customer feedback can also be obtained to allow a business to improve it services and costs can also be easily monitored. HR data can be stored by a number of different methods each having advantages and disadvantages.Data can be stored electronically and non-electronically. Storing data electronically can be beneficial as it is easy to access, can be shared easily and takes up less space. Online HR systems are available to employees where data and information can be added and updated by an individual and also can be accessed by one or more people such as line managers. This is useful for appraisals and observe performance. Storing data electronically through databases is al so more secure than manual documents. Sorting data manually such as diaries, word processing documents and paper based surveys also has its benefits as it can be more cost effective to a business and cannot be easily lost where electronic data could be.Also employees require less training to store and organise manual data. There is an array of different UK legislations currently enforced relating to data and legislation is in place to enforce correct storing, recording and availability of data. One of these UK legislations are The Data Protection Act, The information commissioner has produced a code of conduct relating to the data aegis act.This applies to personal data held and the legitimate grounds for this being held, which information is classed as sensitive and cannot be gather without explicit permission. Another type of current UK legislation is the Human Rights act. This confers the right of respect of privacy on individuals and provides for employees in the public secto r to take legal actions against their employer of they consider their rights infringed.

Change in Diet Essay Example for Free

Change in Diet EssayI began this secernate with very little nutritional knowledge. During workweek wizard of this class, it became evident to me that my eat habits were completely unhealthy. Before fetching this vogue, my interpretation of eating right consisted of eating foods that I thought were healthy, and basically sticking to that particular meal plan. I started this class coming off of a self-created protein diet plan of my own. My diet plan consisted hearty upon eating cereal for breakfast, chicken breast, white sift, and egg whites for lunch, and drinking a protein shake for dinner, every week on days Monday through Friday. For the weekends, I would basically eat whatever I wanted. The weekends were considered my grace purpose where I was allowed to ignore my diet for two days. Ab out a week or two in the beginning the course began, I had completely stopped my protein diet, and I was basically back to eating whatever I had a taste for at any given metre of t he day. I had lost all trail and obedience to my healthy meal plan. The amount of meals I would hold up each day varied from one meal a day, to two or three meals a day. Rarely was it consistent.I would skip out on breakfast on many occasions. On some days, I would eat solely discard food all day long. Water was almost inexistent in my life. Completing week ones assignments gave me an opportunity to actually read how bad my eating habits were as I eccentric persond them in. I also well-educated that my once proclaimed healthy diet was in fact not as healthy as I thought it was. I also lettered that I was missing key foods necessary to populate a long and healthy life such as fruits and vegetables. Fruits and vegetables were nonexistent in my life. Vegetables, I neer took well to.Fruits just did not seem as important to me as they should bring in been, and they definitely neer satisfied my sugar craves. I intimate the importance of fruits and vegetables. I learned that the y provide the vitamins, minerals, and fibers my body ask to live a successfull healthy life. Throughout the course, I learned a lot to the highest degree nutrition. I now know the difference between saturated and unsaturated fat. I am certain that all fat is not bad for the body. In fact, fat should be apart of every diet, and is call for for healthy growth. This course has also given me a better perspective of dehydration.I now fully understand what dehydration is, and the ca designs of it. I am definitely more aware of the importance of drinking water. Currently, compared to week one of this class, my eating habits are totally different. I definitely see changes in my diet. From completing assignments combine with personal research, I have learned that a person screwing actually gain pitch from not eating enough. I learned that it is important for individuals to wash up their recommended amount of calories each day in order to maintain a healthy and normal metabolism rate. A lack of food can slow metabolism.Metabolism burns fat. So of course, the first change in my diet was to make genuine that I was consuming as close to my recommend amount of calories each day as such(prenominal) as I could. In result, I currently eat three healthy meals a day. Fruits and vegetables have become apart of diet. I am eating more fruits and vegetables now, than I ever have in my entire life. I am also making sure to eat a variety of fruits and vegetables compared to eating just one or two types. This course has helped me gain a better understanding of whole foods such as whole corpuscles and wheat. I no longer eat white rice or white chou.I have substituted white rice with brown rice, and I have replaced white bread with whole grain wheat bread. These changes were not easy at all. I loved white rice and white bread. It was definitely a challenge making that transition. I have even do changes to the type of sandwich meats I eat. I have replaced deli ham with white turkey and chicken breast. For breakfast, I have stopped eating cold cereal and frozen waffles, and have started eating whole grain oatmeal with fruit slices. I still drink protein shakes after weight lifting. However, I no longer have protein shakes for dinner.From the course I have learned that oils are needed in any diet. In result, I have begun using olive oil with some of my dishes. I no longer use margarine, and have replaced it with real plainlyter. I have eliminated any idea of a grace period and I try to eat healthy seven days a week. As mentioned early, I have learned a lot about dehydration and the importance of drinking water. I avoid all caffeinated beverages. I have eliminated sodas and other beverages from my diet. I drink milk, green tea, and one hundred percent fruit juices, but mainly water. Throughout researching, I have learned just how necessary it is to drink water.I learned that water helps the bodys organs function properly, water clears the body of toxins, and water helps burn calories. I learned the recommended daily serving of water should be eight to ten glasses, a minimum of 64 ounces. Upon learning this information, I have visited my local supermarket and have purchased a water bottle of 24 ounces. This course has taught me that many people mistake thirst with hunger, causing overeating and weight gain. I now consume 72 ounces of water a day. I make sure to fill and empty my water bottle three times a day.I have also created a system with accordance to my docket where I eat dinner no later than 730 p. m. My workouts at the gym have also changed as well. Before, my workouts consisted solely on weight lifting. I have now made time in the beginning of my workouts for at least thirty minutes of cardiovascular exercises. The changes that I have made to my diet has really changed who I am as I person. I feel different, healthier. There has been a dramatic decrease in my stress levels. I am full of energy and happiness. I am now more aware of what I allow to enter my body.